Studi Akuntansi dan Bisnis Indonesia

The Role of Actuarial Accounting in Achieving Financial Sustainability

Hussien Sabea Khamees — 2026-06-19

Purpose: This study aims to examine actuarial accounting, the role of actuary accountants, and their contribution to enhancing corporate financial sustainability, particularly in companies with long-term financial obligations.

Methodology: The study uses a conceptual and descriptive-analytical approach by reviewing relevant literature on actuarial accounting, risk assessment, and long-term financial planning in corporate finance.

Results: The findings indicate that actuarial accounting plays an important role in strengthening corporate financial sustainability by supporting long-term financial planning and improving risk identification. Actuary accountants contribute significantly by utilizing statistical and historical data to predict future financial events and assess potential risks, thereby enhancing the accuracy of financial forecasting and planning.

Conclusions: The study concludes that actuarial accounting is essential for improving companies’ long-term financial sustainability. The involvement of actuary accountants in financial decision-making processes helps organizations optimize resource allocation and strengthen strategic financial planning.

Limitations: This study is limited to a conceptual analysis based on existing literature and does not include empirical data or case-based validation.

Contribution: This study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the importance of actuarial accounting and actuary accountants in improving long-term financial sustainability and supporting more effective corporate decision-making processes.

Blockchain Technology and Its Impact on Accounting Information Reliability and Quality in Iraqi Banks

Sarhan Ajaj Alo — 2026-06-24

Purpose: This study investigates the impact of applying blockchain technology on enhancing the reliability and quality of accounting information in Iraqi banks, addressing persistent challenges of weak transparency, data manipulation risk, and outdated financial information systems.

Methodology: A descriptive-analytical design was used with a structured questionnaire distributed to 140 employees from ten Iraqi banks, including accountants, auditors, managers, and IT staff. Data were analyzed using SPSS with descriptive statistics and linear regression.

Results: Blockchain technology has a significant positive effect on accounting information reliability and quality (R = 0.498; R² = 0.413; F = 47.439; p < 0.001). A one-unit increase in adoption improves accounting information quality by 35%, with all dimensions scoring above the neutral midpoint (3.0).

Conclusions: The findings confirm that blockchain technology substantially enhances data accuracy, reduces manipulation, strengthens internal controls, and supports real-time financial transparency in Iraqi banking institutions.

Limitations: The study is limited to a convenience sample of ten Iraqi banks and relies solely on self-reported perceptions, which may not fully capture technological implementation realities across the broader banking sector.

Contribution: This research contributes empirical evidence from an emerging economy context, providing a scientific framework for policymakers and practitioners to guide blockchain adoption in accounting information systems within Iraq and comparable developing nations.

Liquidity, Leverage, and Profitability Effects on Firm Value in Pharmaceutical Healthcare Sector (2021–2024)

Revita Diaz Andini — 2026-07-02

Purpose: This study analyzes the effect of liquidity, leverage, and profitability on firm value in pharmaceutical and healthcare sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2021–2024, motivated by declining firm value and inconsistent prior findings.

Methodology: A quantitative causal design is used with secondary data from annual reports of 13 companies, resulting in 52 observations. The sample is selected using purposive sampling. Data are analyzed using panel data regression with the Random Effect Model (REM) in STATA 14.

Results: Liquidity has no significant effect on firm value (p=0.415), leverage has a significant negative effect (p=0.028), and profitability is not significant (p=0.150). However, all variables jointly affect firm value.

Conclusions: Leverage is the only significant determinant of firm value, while liquidity and profitability are not significant individually. Firms should manage capital structure more effectively to enhance investor confidence and firm value.

Contribution: This study contributes empirically by providing evidence from the underexplored pharmaceutical and healthcare sector in Indonesia and clarifying inconsistent findings on liquidity, leverage, and profitability effects on firm value. It also enriches capital structure literature using panel data analysis.

Limitations: This study is limited to 13 firms over a four-year period (2021–2024), which restricts generalizability. It only uses three financial variables and excludes macroeconomic and non-financial factors that may also influence firm value.

Digital Transformations in the Accounting Profession: An Analytical Study of the Challenges and Risks Arising from Electronic Work and Its Impact on the Reliability of Financial Statements and the Quality of Accounting Reports

Waad Dhahir Oleiwi — 2026-07-08

The accounting profession is undergoing radical transformations as a result of the digital technological revolution sweeping the world. This study aims to analyze the challenges and risks arising from digital transformation in the accounting profession and its impact on the reliability of financial statements and the quality of accounting reports. The study employs a descriptive analytical approach to explore the dimensions of these transformations and their various effects. The results indicate that digital transformation presents tremendous opportunities to improve the efficiency of accounting processes and increase the accuracy of reports. However, it also poses new challenges related to information security, data protection, and the need for retraining accounting personnel. The study also emphasizes the necessity of establishing a robust regulatory framework to ensure the optimal utilization of digital technology while maintaining the reliability of accounting information and the quality of financial reports.

Financial Resilience of Food and Beverage SMEs in the VUCA Era: Qualitative Study in Tuban

Fadhoilus Shofi — 2026-07-15

Purpose: This study explores how food and beverage MSMEs build financial resilience in the VUCA era through everyday financial practices, digital transactions, working capital discipline, and crisis-oriented decision making.

Methodology/approach: A qualitative case study design was used. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and document review involving selected MSME owners or managers in Tuban Regency. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis with triangulation and member checking.

Results/findings: The findings show that MSME financial resilience is formed through five practices: separating business and household cash, maintaining flexible working capital, adapting prices and procurement, using fintech for transaction records, and relying on supplier-customer networks during uncertainty.

Conclusions: Financial resilience in a VUCA environment is not merely determined by the size of capital, but by disciplined cash behavior, adaptive capability, digital financial literacy, and the ability to interpret market signals.

Limitations: This study is limited to food and beverage MSMEs in Tuban Regency and uses qualitative interpretation based on selected informants.

Contribution: The article contributes a context-based qualitative explanation of MSME financial resilience and offers practical guidance for MSME assistance programs.

Strategic Leadership Dimensions and Their Effect on Learning Organizations

Aram Taha Muhammad Salih — 2026-08-10

Purpose: This study examines the influence of strategic leadership on the process of building learning organizations within the higher education sector, drawing on a field investigation carried out at Kirkuk University. The dimensions of strategic leadership addressed in the study are human capital, ethical practices, organizational culture, and strategic vision, while the dimensions of the learning organization consist of shared vision, leadership, learning, and change.
Research Methodology: A descriptive-analytical approach was adopted, and a structured questionnaire was distributed to 120 administrative and academic leaders, including deans, assistant deans, heads of departments, and directors of divisions and units. Data normality was verified before applying parametric statistical procedures through SPSS version 26.
Results: The findings indicate a positive and statistically significant correlation between strategic leadership and learning organizations, and every dimension of strategic leadership was found to exert a significant effect on learning organizations, with strategic vision emerging as the strongest predictor.
Conclusions: Strengthening strategic leadership practices contributes meaningfully to the transformation of universities into learning organizations.
Limitations: The cross-sectional design and the single-institution sample restrict the generalizability of the findings.
Contributions: The study extends the strategic leadership literature within an Iraqi higher education context and offers practical guidance for university administrators seeking to cultivate organizational learning.